Centrifugation generates heat because of the movement molecules and friction with air which in turn can increase the temperature within a centrifuge which can affect stability of the sample. Temperature inside the centrifuge is primarily influenced by three factors: Rotor material, Rotor shape and speed of rotation.
Rotor material such as steel and aluminium have a high density and high thermal conductivity which means it can transfer heat efficiently and get chilled quickly. Material like polymer and carbon fibre are low density material (Heat Insulator) and helps in maintaining constant temperature.
Rotor Shape determines the airflow within a centrifuge. Optimizing the airflow within a centrifuge through rotor shape is essential to maintaining the temperature.
Speed of Centrifuge, Centrifugation is proportional to the rise in temperature – at higher speed, more heat is generated. The degree of warming is very much depending on the maximum speed and shape of the rotor. It is important to understand the maximum speed of the centrifuge and the range of speed that maintain temperature range that will not change the outcome of the experiment. This information is supplied by manufacturer to help user understand the limitation and work around it.